Ibyuma bidafite ingese ntabwo byanze bikunze bigoye gukora imashini, ariko bisaba kwitondera byumwihariko mugihe cyo gusudira.

Ibyuma bidafite ingese ntabwo byanze bikunze bigoye gukora imashini, ariko bisaba kwitondera byumwihariko mugihe cyo gusudira.Ntabwo ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe nkibyuma byoroheje cyangwa aluminiyumu kandi itakaza bimwe mubirwanya ruswa iyo bishyushye cyane.Imikorere myiza ifasha kugumya kurwanya ruswa.Ishusho: Amashanyarazi
Kurwanya kwangirika kwicyuma kitagira umwanda bituma ihitamo neza kubintu byinshi byingenzi bikenerwa mu miyoboro, harimo ibiryo n'ibinyobwa bisukuye cyane, imiti, imiti y’umuvuduko na peteroli.Nyamara, ibi bikoresho ntibikwirakwiza ubushyuhe nkibyuma byoroheje cyangwa aluminiyumu, kandi tekinike yo gusudira idakwiye irashobora kugabanya kurwanya ruswa.Gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi no gukoresha ibyuma byuzuza nabi nibyaha bibiri.
Gukurikiza bimwe mubikorwa byiza byo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora gufasha kunoza ibisubizo no kwemeza ko icyuma cyangirika cyangirika.Byongeye kandi, kuzamura uburyo bwo gusudira birashobora kongera umusaruro utitanze ubuziranenge.
Iyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda, guhitamo ibyuma byuzuza ni ngombwa kugenzura ibirimo karubone.Icyuma cyuzuza gikoreshwa mu gusudira umuyoboro wicyuma kigomba kunoza imikorere yo gusudira kandi cyujuje ibisabwa.
Reba ibyuma byuzuza "L" nka ER308L kuko bitanga urugero rwo hasi rwa karubone ifasha kugumya kwangirika kwangirika kwa karuboni nkeya idafite ibyuma.Gusudira ibikoresho bike bya karubone hamwe nibyuma byuzuza byongera karubone yibisudira bityo bikongera ibyago byo kwangirika.Irinde ibyuma byuzuza “H” kuko bifite karubone nyinshi kandi bigenewe porogaramu zisaba imbaraga nyinshi mubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Iyo gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese, ni ngombwa kandi guhitamo icyuma cyuzuza kiri munsi yibintu (bizwi kandi ko ari imyanda).Ibi nibintu bisigaye biva mubikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma byuzuza kandi birimo antimoni, arsenic, fosifore na sulfuru.Birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubirwanya ruswa yibikoresho.
Kuberako ibyuma bidafite ingese byumva cyane ubushyuhe bwinjiza, gutegura hamwe no guteranya neza bigira uruhare runini mugucunga ubushyuhe kugirango ubungabunge ibintu.Ibyuho hagati yibice cyangwa bidahuye bisaba itara kuguma ahantu hamwe igihe kirekire, kandi hakenewe ibyuma byinshi byuzuza ibyo byuho.Ibi bitera ubushyuhe kwiyongera ahantu hafashwe, bigatuma ibice bishyuha.Kwishyiriraho nabi birashobora kandi gutuma bigora kuziba icyuho no kugera kubisabwa byinjira muri weld.Twiyemeje neza ko ibice biza hafi yicyuma kidashoboka.
Ubuziranenge bwibi bikoresho nabwo ni ngombwa cyane.Ndetse umubare muto wanduye cyangwa umwanda muri weld urashobora gukurura inenge zigabanya imbaraga hamwe no kurwanya ruswa yibicuruzwa byanyuma.Kugira ngo usukure icyuma fatizo mbere yo gusudira, koresha umuyonga udasanzwe wibyuma bitagira umwanda bitakoreshejwe mubyuma bya karubone cyangwa aluminium.
Mu byuma bidafite ingese, ubukangurambaga nimpamvu nyamukuru yo gutakaza ruswa.Ibi bibaho mugihe ubushyuhe bwo gusudira nigipimo cyo gukonjesha bihindagurika cyane, bikavamo impinduka muri microstructure yibikoresho.
Iyi weld yo hanze kumuyoboro wicyuma wasizwe hamwe na GMAW kandi igenzurwa nicyuma (RMD) kandi gusudira kumuzi ntibyasubijwe inyuma kandi byari bisa mumiterere nubuziranenge hamwe no gusudira kwa GTAW.
Igice cyingenzi cyangirika kwangirika kwicyuma ni okiside ya chromium.Ariko niba karubone iri muri weld ari ndende cyane, karubide ya chromium iba.Bahambira chromium kandi ikabuza gukora oxyde ya chromium ikenewe, ituma ibyuma bitagira umwanda birwanya ruswa.Hatabayeho okiside ya chromium ihagije, ibikoresho ntibizagira ibintu byifuzwa kandi ruswa irashobora kubaho.
Kwirinda sensibilisation iramanuka kugirango yuzuze ibyuma byatoranijwe no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwinjira.Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ni ngombwa guhitamo icyuma cyuzuza ibintu birimo karubone nkeya mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Nyamara, karubone rimwe na rimwe isabwa gutanga imbaraga kubikorwa bimwe.Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni ngombwa cyane cyane mugihe ibyuma bike byuzuza karubone bidakwiye.
Mugabanye umwanya weld na HAZ biri mubushyuhe bwinshi, mubisanzwe dogere 950 kugeza 1500 Fahrenheit (dogere selisiyusi 500 kugeza 800).Umwanya muto umara kugurisha muriki cyiciro, ubushyuhe buke uzabyara.Buri gihe ugenzure kandi witegereze ubushyuhe bwa interpass muburyo bwo gusudira bukoreshwa.
Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha ibyuma byuzuza ibintu bivanga nka titanium na niobium kugirango wirinde gukora karubide ya chromium.Kuberako ibyo bice nabyo bigira ingaruka kumbaraga no gukomera, ibyuma byuzuza ntibishobora gukoreshwa mubisabwa byose.
Gusudira imizi ukoresheje gas tungsten arc gusudira (GTAW) nuburyo gakondo bwo gusudira imiyoboro idafite ibyuma.Mubisanzwe bisaba gusubira inyuma kwa argon kugirango wirinde okiside kuruhande rwa weld.Nyamara, kubitereko byicyuma hamwe nimiyoboro, gukoresha uburyo bwo gusudira insinga biragenda biba byinshi.Muri ibi bihe, ni ngombwa kumva uburyo imyuka ikingira itandukanye igira ingaruka ku kwangirika kwibintu.
Gusudira gaze arc (GMAW) yicyuma kidafite ingese gakondo ikoresha argon na karuboni ya dioxyde, imvange ya argon na ogisijeni, cyangwa imvange ya gaze eshatu (helium, argon na dioxyde de carbone).Ubusanzwe, iyi mvange igizwe ahanini na argon cyangwa helium hamwe na dioxyde de carbone iri munsi ya 5%, kubera ko dioxyde de carbone ishobora kwinjiza karubone mu bwogero bwashongeshejwe kandi bikongera ibyago byo gukangurira.Argon nziza ntabwo isabwa kuri GMAW ibyuma bitagira umwanda.
Umugozi usize ibyuma bidafite ingese wagenewe gukoreshwa hamwe nuruvange gakondo rwa 75% argon na 25% ya dioxyde de carbone.Amazi arimo ibintu byabugenewe kugirango birinde kwanduzwa na karubone na gaze ikingira.
Mugihe ibikorwa bya GMAW byahindutse, byoroheje gusudira imiyoboro hamwe nu miyoboro idafite ibyuma.Mugihe porogaramu zimwe zishobora kugikenera inzira ya GTAW, gutunganya insinga zirashobora gutanga ubuziranenge busa nubushobozi buhanitse mubikorwa byinshi byuma bidafite ingese.
Indangamuntu idafite ibyuma isudira ikozwe na GMAW RMD irasa mubwiza no kugaragara kuri WD ihuye.
Imizi inyura mukoresheje inzira ngufi ya GMAW yahinduwe nka Miller igenzurwa nicyuma (RMD) ikuraho gusubira inyuma mubintu bimwe na bimwe bya austenitike idafite ibyuma.Imizi ya RMD irashobora gukurikirwa na pulsed GMAW cyangwa flux-cored arc gusudira kugirango yuzuze kandi ufunge pasiporo, amahitamo abika umwanya namafaranga ugereranije na GTAW isubira inyuma, cyane cyane kumiyoboro minini.
RMD ikoresha neza kugenzura ibyuma bigufi byumuzunguruko kugirango ikore ituze, ituje arc na pisine.Ibi bigabanya amahirwe yo gukonja cyangwa kudahuza, kugabanya spatter no kuzamura ubwiza bwumuzi.Ihererekanyabubasha ryicyuma naryo ryemeza ko gutonyanga gutonyanga hamwe no kugenzura byoroshye pisine, bityo bikagenzura kwinjiza ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko wo gusudira.
Inzira zidasanzwe zirashobora kuzamura umusaruro wo gusudira.Umuvuduko wo gusudira urashobora gutandukana kuva 6 kugeza 12 ipm mugihe ukoresheje RMD.Kuberako iyi nzira itezimbere imikorere nta gushyushya igice, ifasha kugumana imikorere no kurwanya ruswa yibyuma.Kugabanya ubushyuhe bwinjiza mubikorwa nabyo bifasha kugenzura imiterere ya substrate.
Iyi progaramu ya GMAW itanga uburebure bwa arc ndende, arc arc cones, hamwe nubushyuhe buke kuruta indege isanzwe.Kubera ko inzira ifunze, arc drift hamwe nihindagurika hagati yisonga kugera kumurimo bikurwaho.Ibi byoroshya kugenzura pisine yo gusudira haba mugihe cyo gusudira kurubuga ndetse no gusudira hanze yakazi.Hanyuma, guhuza GMAW ya pulsed yo kuzuza no gufunga passe hamwe na RMD kumpande yumuzi ituma uburyo bwo gusudira bukorwa numuyoboro umwe na gaze imwe, bikagabanya ibihe byo guhindura inzira.
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